To hope /tu hoʊp/ significa esperar, pero no en el sentido de esperar en una fila o esperar a una persona. Hope significa esperar con deseo, esperanza o ilusión de que algo pase.
En español usamos esperar para varias ideas. En inglés, es importante distinguir:
- Hope — esperar con deseo o esperanza.
- I hope you feel better — “Espero que te sientas mejor”.
- Wait — esperar físicamente o esperar tiempo.
- I am waiting for the bus — “Estoy esperando el autobús”.
- Expect — esperar porque crees que algo va a pasar.
- I expect him to arrive at 8 — “Espero que llegue a las 8”.
Una estructura muy común es hope to + verbo base: I hope to travel soon — “Espero viajar pronto”.
También usamos hope that + oración: I hope that she passes the test — “Espero que ella pase el examen”. En conversación, muchas veces omitimos that: “I hope she passes the test”.
Para hablar del futuro después de hope, normalmente usamos el presente simple: “I hope you come tomorrow”. También se puede usar will en algunos casos, pero para principiantes es más simple recordar esta estructura:
- I hope + sujeto + verbo en presente simple.
Hope es un verbo regular: hope → hoped → hoped. La forma de tercera persona hopes se pronuncia /hoʊps/, con sonido final /s/. El pasado y el participio hoped se pronuncian /hoʊpt/, con sonido final /t/. El gerundio hoping se escribe sin la e final y se pronuncia /ˈhoʊ.pɪŋ/.
Simple Tense
Simple Present Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I hope | We hope |
| 2ª | You hope | You hope |
| 3ª | He/She/It hopes | They hope |
Hope: /hoʊp/, hopes: /hoʊps/
Simple Past Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I hoped | We hoped |
| 2ª | You hoped | You hoped |
| 3ª | He/She/It hoped | They hoped |
Hoped: /hoʊpt/
Simple Future Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I will hope | We will hope |
| 2ª | You will hope | You will hope |
| 3ª | He/She/It will hope | They will hope |
Will hope: /wɪl hoʊp/
Continuous Tense
Present Continuous Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I am hoping | We are hoping |
| 2ª | You are hoping | You are hoping |
| 3ª | He/She/It is hoping | They are hoping |
Hoping: /ˈhoʊ.pɪŋ/
Past Continuous Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I was hoping | We were hoping |
| 2ª | You were hoping | You were hoping |
| 3ª | He/She/It was hoping | They were hoping |
Was hoping: /wəz ˈhoʊ.pɪŋ/, Were hoping: /wɜr ˈhoʊ.pɪŋ/
Future Continuous Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I will be hoping | We will be hoping |
| 2ª | You will be hoping | You will be hoping |
| 3ª | He/She/It will be hoping | They will be hoping |
Will be hoping: /wɪl bi ˈhoʊ.pɪŋ/
Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I have hoped | We have hoped |
| 2ª | You have hoped | You have hoped |
| 3ª | He/She/It has hoped | They have hoped |
Have hoped: /hæv hoʊpt/, Has hoped: /hæz hoʊpt/
Past Perfect Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I had hoped | We had hoped |
| 2ª | You had hoped | You had hoped |
| 3ª | He/She/It had hoped | They had hoped |
Had hoped: /hæd hoʊpt/
Future Perfect Tense
| Pers. | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1ª | I will have hoped | We will have hoped |
| 2ª | You will have hoped | You will have hoped |
| 3ª | He/She/It will have hoped | They will have hoped |
Will have hoped: /wɪl hæv hoʊpt/
